{"id":692,"date":"2016-05-06T19:39:27","date_gmt":"2016-05-06T17:39:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hudecekpetr.cz\/?p=692"},"modified":"2016-05-07T11:03:44","modified_gmt":"2016-05-07T09:03:44","slug":"cesky-report-z-vyzkumu-nejcastejsich-pricin-smrti-a-jeho-dopady-na-osobni-spravu-rizika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hudecekpetr.cz\/cs\/cesky-report-z-vyzkumu-nejcastejsich-pricin-smrti-a-jeho-dopady-na-osobni-spravu-rizika\/","title":{"rendered":"Report z v\u00fdzkumu nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din smrti a jeho dopady na osobn\u00ed spr\u00e1vu rizika"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P\u016fvodn\u011b jsem tento \u010dl\u00e1nek cht\u011bl nazvat \u201cJak nezem\u0159\u00edt\u201d.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Statistick\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady jednotliv\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f zve\u0159ej\u0148uj\u00ed \u00famrtnost\u00ed tabulky, ve kter\u00fdch je pro ka\u017edou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu smrti, v\u011bkovou skupinu a pohlav\u00ed vyps\u00e1no, kolik lid\u00ed dan\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem zem\u0159elo. Z t\u011bchto tabulek se daj\u00ed vyt\u00e1hnout zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 znalosti, kter\u00e9 se daj\u00ed aplikovat i v osobn\u00ed spr\u00e1v\u011b rizika.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Spr\u00e1vou rizika mysl\u00edm pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00ed osobn\u00ed \u010dinnosti tak, aby \u010dlov\u011bk mohl minimalizovat pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee brzy zem\u0159e nebo se mu stane jin\u00e1 nemil\u00e1 ud\u00e1lost. Mnoh\u00fdm p\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u00e1m smrti se d\u00e1 p\u0159edej\u00edt, ov\u0161em n\u011bkter\u00e9 jsou tak vz\u00e1cn\u00e9, \u017ee nestoj\u00ed za to se jimi zab\u00fdvat &#8211; \u010das je l\u00e9pe str\u00e1vit eliminov\u00e1n\u00edm rizika p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny, kter\u00e1 zab\u00edj\u00ed \u010dast\u011bji.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pod\u00edvejme se tedy na data!<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zdroje dat<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Data jsem z\u00edskal ze t\u0159ech zdroj\u016f: z <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.czso.cz\/csu\/czso\/130065-14-r_2014-1998\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u010cesk\u00e9ho statistick\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pro \u010cR, z <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/20160105160709\/http:\/www.ons.gov.uk\/ons\/publications\/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm:77-381137\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">n\u00e1rodn\u00edch archiv\u016f<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pro Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed, a z <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/wonder.cdc.gov\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">aplikace CDC<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pro Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty. Data byla \u010dasto k dispozici ve form\u011b Excelovsk\u00fdch soubor\u016f (mnoho soubor\u016f pro \u010cR, mnoho list\u016f jedin\u00e9ho souboru pro UK) nebo se dala exportovat jako CSV (Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ka\u017ed\u00e1 zem\u011b ov\u0161em d\u00e1vala k dispozici jin\u00e1 data s jin\u00fdmi omezen\u00edmi &#8211; \u010cR pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jen t\u0159\u00edcifern\u00e9 k\u00f3dy nemoc\u00ed, UK ned\u011bl\u00ed v\u011bkov\u00e9 kategorie nad 85 let a USA skr\u00fdvaj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e1 data, abychom \u201czachovali soukrom\u00ed jedinc\u016f\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poda\u0159ilo se mi ov\u0161em vytvo\u0159it megatabulku, ve kter\u00e9 byl ka\u017ed\u00e9 kombinaci \u201cp\u0159\u00ed\u010dina smrti + v\u011bkov\u00e1 skupina + pohlav\u00ed + zem\u011b\u201d p\u0159i\u0159azen po\u010det \u00famrt\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed klasifikace nemoc\u00ed<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P\u0159\u00ed\u010diny smrti se rozli\u0161uj\u00ed podle <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed klasifikace nemoc\u00ed <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(MKN-10, des\u00edtka zna\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee je to des\u00e1t\u00e1 verze t\u00e9to klasifikace). Ka\u017ed\u00e9 nemoci nebo \u00farazu je p\u0159i\u0159azen k\u00f3d, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee vypadat nap\u0159\u00edklad takto: <\/span><b>C50.512<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, kter\u00fd se d\u00e1 rozlo\u017eit takto:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C &#8211; novotvary (\u201cn\u00e1dory, rakovina, \u2026\u201d)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C50 &#8211; zhoubn\u00fd novotvar prsu<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C50.512 &#8211; spodn\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kvadrant lev\u00e9ho \u017eensk\u00e9ho prsu<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V tabulk\u00e1ch pro \u010cR ov\u0161em byly zve\u0159ej\u0148ov\u00e1ny pouze prvn\u00ed t\u0159i cifry (tj. nap\u0159\u00edklad jen C50 pro v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad), spokojil jsem se tedy s touto \u00farovn\u00ed podrobnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Za posledn\u00edch deset let zem\u0159elo v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice 1,067,592 lid\u00ed, ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed pak 7,093,188. Dat je dostatek na to, aby v\u00fdsledky z nich zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 m\u011bly n\u011bjakou statistickou v\u00e1hu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny smrti jsou:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chronick\u00e1 ischemick\u00e1 choroba srde\u010dn\u00ed (1,595,738 smrt\u00ed)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zhoubn\u00fd notvar pr\u016fdu\u0161ky &#8211; bronchu a pl\u00edce (1,159,334 smrt\u00ed)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Akutn\u00ed infarkt myokardu (922,846 smrt\u00ed)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Obecn\u011b se daj\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky shrnout takto:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Co v\u00e1s zabije nyn\u00ed:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">autonehoda<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sebevra\u017eda<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Co v\u00e1s zabije nakonec:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">infekce<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Co v\u00e1s zabije, kdy\u017e s t\u00edm nep\u0159estanete:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">kou\u0159en\u00ed<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sebevra\u017edy<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou smrti pro lidi od 15 do 45 let je sebevra\u017eda, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b pak \u201c\u00famysln\u011b sebepo\u0161kozen\u00ed ob\u011b\u0161e\u0161n\u00edm, u\u0161krcen\u00edm a zadu\u0161en\u00edm\u201d. Sebevra\u017ed\u011b se d\u00e1 zabr\u00e1nit a sklony k sebevra\u017edou jsou l\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sebevra\u017eda je asociov\u00e1na s depres\u00ed. \u010clov\u011bk v depresi m\u00e1 asi 20x vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee sp\u00e1ch\u00e1 sebevra\u017edu ne\u017e \u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00fd v depresi nen\u00ed. Pro kontrolu doporu\u010duji <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ibogaine.desk.nl\/graphics\/3639b1c_23.pdf\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Beck\u2019s Depression Inventory<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">co\u017e je velmi dobr\u00fd test odhaduj\u00edc\u00ed s\u00edlu deprese, a pacient ho m\u016f\u017ee vyplnit s\u00e1m.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kdy\u017e jsem ho vypl\u0148oval naposledy, vy\u0161ly mi jen 4 body, z \u010deho\u017e jsem byl velmi nad\u0161en\u00fd, je\u017eto je\u0161t\u011b p\u00e1r m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f p\u0159edt\u00edm bych m\u011bl ur\u010dit\u011b mnohem vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je tak\u00e9, \u017ee \u017eeny maj\u00ed mnohem ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed tendenci podl\u00e9hat sebevra\u017ed\u011b, asi 5x m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e mu\u017ei.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na v\u011bkovou kategori 20-25 let<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u00e1le jsem se zam\u011b\u0159il na v\u011bkovou kategorii 20-25 let, jej\u00edm\u017e jsem \u010dlenem.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vra\u017edy ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ve v\u011bku 15-25 let je ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech americk\u00fdch nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou smrti \u201cnapaden\u00ed v\u00fdst\u0159elem z jin\u00e9 a neur\u010den\u00e9 st\u0159eln\u00e9 zbran\u011b\u201d. Pokud zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1m spr\u00e1vn\u011b i pom\u011br obyvatelstva, p\u0159esto\u017ee zem\u0159e v USA takov\u00fdmto zp\u016fsobem pom\u011brn\u011b 95x tolik lid\u00ed ne\u017e v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice ov\u0161em v\u011bkov\u00e1 skupina 20-25 let je k napaden\u00ed nejn\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, mnohokr\u00e1t v\u00edce ne\u017e jak\u00e1koliv jin\u00e1 v\u011bkov\u00e1 skupina. <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00darazy podle kategori\u00ed<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice za posledn\u00edch 10 let rok nejv\u00edce smrt\u00ed vzniklo v t\u011bchto kategori\u00edch \u00faraz\u016f (pro v\u011bkovou kategorii 20-25 let):<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dopravn\u00ed nehoda (1225)<\/span>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jedn\u00e1 se p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b o cestuj\u00edc\u00ed v osobn\u00edm automobilu.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00damysln\u00e9 sebepo\u0161kozen\u00ed (744)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00damysln\u00e9 sebepo\u0161kozen\u00ed nebo napaden\u00ed &#8211; nezji\u0161t\u011bno (188)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00e1hodn\u00e1 otrava \u0161kodliv\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami (115)<\/span>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jedn\u00e1 se p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b o jedovat\u00fd plyn.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P\u00e1dy (103)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00e1hodn\u00e9 utonut\u00ed a potopen\u00ed (82)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vybran\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u00e1ch smrti se mluv\u00ed nepom\u011brn\u011b vysoko oproti tomu, kolik smrt\u00ed zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed, a naopak. N\u011bkter\u00e9 zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 jsem vyt\u00e1hl. Vedle ka\u017ed\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny je po\u010det \u010cech\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem zem\u0159eli za posledn\u00edch deset let v t\u00e9to v\u011bkov\u00e9 kategorii (20-25 let):<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1 encefalitida (0)<\/span><\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ob\u011b\u0165 blesku (2)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kontakt s neur\u010den\u00fdm jedovat\u00fdm \u017eivo\u010dichem nebo rostlinou (6)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Meningokokov\u00e9 infekce (6)<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u0159ipka (7)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dotyk elektrick\u00e9ho veden\u00ed (8)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00e1hodn\u00e1 otrava jedovat\u00fdmi plyny a parami (43)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Napaden\u00ed (66)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P\u00e1dy (103)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00damysln\u00e9 sebepo\u0161kozen\u00ed ob\u011b\u0161en\u00edm, u\u0161krcen\u00edm a a zadu\u0161en\u00edm (437)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Co v\u00e1s zabije nakonec<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u00e1m smrti se nyn\u00ed zabr\u00e1nit ned\u00e1:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed nemoc<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">novotvary<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cukrovka<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">st\u00e1rnut\u00ed<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bohu\u017eel s t\u00edmto poradit nedok\u00e1\u017eu. Pokud byste m\u011bli <a href=\"http:\/\/hudecekpetr.cz\/cs\/transhumanism\/\">nad\u011bji v budoucnost<\/a> a v rychl\u00fd technologick\u00fd pokrok, m\u016f\u017eete zkusit pomoci s v\u011bdeck\u00fdm v\u00fdzkumem (v\u0161echny \u010dty\u0159i v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny jsou zkoum\u00e1ny a lid\u00e9 se sna\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edt na to, jak jim zabr\u00e1nit), anebo na pokrok ve v\u011bdeck\u00e9m v\u00fdzkumu v\u011bnovat pen\u00edze.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Z\u00e1v\u011bry a doporu\u010den\u00ed<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Z t\u00e9to pr\u00e1ce bych vyvodil n\u011bkolik z\u00e1v\u011br\u016f:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>(Pozn\u00e1mka: Z\u00e1v\u011bry nejsou siln\u011b podlo\u017een\u00e9 daty, pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrazy ne\u017e co bychom mohli z dat o\u010dek\u00e1vat a nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt nutn\u011b pravdiv\u00e9, viz koment\u00e1\u0159 Davida Z\u00e1lesk\u00e9ho n\u00ed\u017ee. Jen si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee jsou to lep\u0161\u00ed doporu\u010den\u00ed ne\u017e \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 doporu\u010den\u00ed.)<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti kl\u00ed\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 encefalitid\u011b nen\u00ed u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">J\u00e1 o\u010dkovan\u00fd jsem, ale vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee na encefalitidu nikdo neum\u00edr\u00e1, nen\u00ed to mi k ni\u010demu moc dobr\u00e9.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bou\u0159ka nen\u00ed moc nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Za posledn\u00edch deset let zem\u0159eli jen 2 mlad\u00ed lid\u00ed na \u00fader bleskem. Pokud v\u00e1m tedy nevad\u00ed prochladnut\u00ed nebo jen nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 pocity, nemus\u00edte se bou\u0159ky p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 b\u00e1t, proto\u017ee pohybovat se v bou\u0159ce zase nen\u00ed tak moc nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9. Pokud byste se p\u0159esto cht\u011bli p\u0159ed bou\u0159kou chr\u00e1nit, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/qa.skauting.cz\/32\/jak-se-chovat-pri-bource-abych-mel-nejvetsi-sanci-na-preziti?show=32#q32\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">doporu\u010duji se \u0159\u00eddit podle z\u00e1sad na serveru SkautQA<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zmije nen\u00ed v\u016fbec nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Za posledn\u00edch deset let \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd mlad\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk nezem\u0159el na kontakt se zmij\u00ed; a jen p\u00e1r lid\u00ed zem\u0159elo na kontakt s \u201cneur\u010den\u00fdmi jedovat\u00fdmi \u017eivo\u010dichy nebo rostlinami\u201d, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt cokoliv.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u0159ipka zab\u00edj\u00ed i mlad\u00e9, ale ne moc.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Je m\u00fdtus, \u017ee mus\u00edte b\u00fdt n\u00e1chyln\u00ed nebo sta\u0159\u00ed, aby v\u00e1s ch\u0159ipka mohla zab\u00edt, ale va\u0161e pravd\u011bpodobnost na p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed je p\u0159esto velmi vysok\u00e1. P\u0159esto ov\u0161em <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/lesswrong.com\/lw\/l81\/a_cost_benefit_analysis_of_immunizing_healthy\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">podle jin\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> se i zdrav\u00fdm dosp\u011bl\u00fdm vyplat\u00ed o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti ch\u0159ipce, pokud si cen\u00edte dostate\u010dn\u011b sv\u00e9ho \u010dasu a zdrav\u00ed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Elekt\u0159ina je nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Krom\u011b 8 smrt\u00ed na dotyk elektrick\u00e9ho veden\u00ed je je\u0161t\u011b 20 smrt\u00ed v kategorii \u201cjin\u00e1 elekt\u0159ina\u201d, co\u017e zahrnuje nap\u0159\u00edklad nehody s elektrick\u00fdmi spot\u0159ebi\u010di a dr\u00e1ty v dom\u00e1cnosti.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Velmi nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 jsou jedovat\u00e9 plyny.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Odhadnul bych, \u017ee nej\u010dast\u011bji se jedn\u00e1 o plyn unikaj\u00edc\u00ed v dom\u00e1cnosti. Pokud va\u0161e dom\u00e1cnost obsahuje plynov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje, doporu\u010dil bych si proj\u00edt n\u00e1vody, jak zajistit jejich bezpe\u010dnost a jak se chovat v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b krize.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Velmi nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 jsou p\u00e1dy.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Je naprosto zbyte\u010dn\u00e9 riskovat p\u00e1dy. P\u0159epadnut\u00ed z kamenn\u00e9 \u0159\u00edmsy m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt smrt\u00edc\u00ed, i pro velmi mal\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky. Necho\u010fte na okraje skal. Necho\u010fte po kamenn\u00fdch z\u00eddk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 jsou vysoko nad povrchem. Nep\u0159ibli\u017eujte se k okraji plo\u0161iny, na kter\u00e9 stoj\u00edte, ani\u017e byste p\u0159ed sebou m\u011bli z\u00e1bradl\u00ed nebo plot.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Velmi nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 je sebevra\u017eda.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pokud za\u010dnete p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let nad konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, jak\u00fdm se zabijete, je to sign\u00e1l, \u017ee jste v rizikov\u00e9 skupin\u011b, a m\u011bli byste promluvit s dal\u0161\u00edmi lidmi co nejd\u0159\u00edve. Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u0161anci pomoct m\u00e1 psycholog; dal\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enosti jsou linky d\u016fv\u011bry (m\u00e1me jich v \u010cR n\u011bkolik) a bl\u00edzc\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9. Pokud nejste schopn\u00ed mluvit alespo\u0148 s n\u011bk\u00fdm z nich, internet se tak\u00e9 sna\u017e\u00ed pomoci (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/suicidewatch\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">r\/suicidewatch<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), ale moc mu to nejde, a doporu\u010doval bych sp\u00ed\u0161e psychologa. Pokud ale mysl\u00edte, \u017ee byste byli dob\u0159\u00ed v p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed lid\u00ed, aby sebevra\u017edu nesp\u00e1chali, pr\u00e1ce na subrreditu <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/suicidewatch\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/r\/suicidewatch<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u00e1m nab\u00edz\u00ed mo\u017enost, jak zachr\u00e1nit lidsk\u00e9 \u017eivoty. Jeho existence je mezi psychology kontroverzn\u00ed, ale n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva psychologa je stigmatizov\u00e1na, a mnoho lid\u00ed ho nav\u0161t\u00edvit nedok\u00e1\u017ee, zat\u00edmco napsat post na internet je mnohem jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 jsou i dopravn\u00ed nehody.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nejv\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je p\u0159estat jezdit autem. To nen\u00ed tak obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9, jak by se mohlo zd\u00e1t. V podstat\u011b v\u0161ude se m\u016f\u017eete dostat i autobusem, vlakem nebo letadlem, kter\u00e9 jsou mnohon\u00e1sobn\u011b bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed (letadlo je bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vlak, vlak bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e autobus, autobus ne\u017e auto). <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Velmi nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 je tak\u00e9 b\u00fdt chodcem p\u0159ech\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm p\u0159es silnici nebo jdouc\u00edm pod\u00e9l silnice. Vyhn\u011bte se chozen\u00ed pod\u00e9l silnic, pokud m\u016f\u017eete.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00fdzkum ukazuje, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina \u0159idi\u010d\u016f si o sob\u011b mysl\u00ed, \u017ee jsou nadpr\u016fm\u011brn\u00ed \u0159idi\u010di. P\u0159esto nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v\u011bt\u0161ina nadpr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdmi \u0159idi\u010di. Pokud si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee jste nadpr\u016fm\u011brn\u00ed, p\u0159esto b\u00fdt nemus\u00edte, a nav\u00edc m\u016f\u017eete v aut\u011b snadno zem\u0159\u00edt, i pokud nejste na vin\u011b.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed auta jsou mnohem bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Pokud p\u0159esto chcete jezdit autem, \u010d\u00edm nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a s \u010d\u00edm modern\u011bj\u0161\u00edm vybaven\u00edm, t\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b smrt\u00ed. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed data<\/h2>\n<p>Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed data m\u016f\u017eete naj\u00edt v m\u00e9 <a href=\"http:\/\/hudecekpetr.cz\/smrt\/DobyvaniZnalostiSmrtPrezentace.pdf\">prezentaci z\u00e1po\u010dtov\u00e9ho projektu (PDF)<\/a> nebo na <a href=\"http:\/\/hudecekpetr.cz\/smrt\/\">m\u00e9 interaktivn\u00ed str\u00e1nce o smrt\u00edch v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>P\u016fvodn\u011b jsem tento \u010dl\u00e1nek cht\u011bl nazvat \u201cJak nezem\u0159\u00edt\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-692","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hudecekpetr.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/692","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hudecekpetr.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hudecekpetr.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hudecekpetr.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hudecekpetr.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=692"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/hudecekpetr.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/692\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":695,"href":"https:\/\/hudecekpetr.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/692\/revisions\/695"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hudecekpetr.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=692"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hudecekpetr.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=692"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hudecekpetr.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=692"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}